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Compare United Arab Emirates (2001) - San Marino (2001)
Compare United Arab Emirates (2001) z San Marino (2001)
| United Arab Emirates (2001) | San Marino (2001) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | 7 emirates (imarat, singular - imarah); Abu Zaby (Abu Dhabi), 'Ajman, Al Fujayrah, Ash Shariqah (Sharjah), Dubayy (Dubai), Ra's al Khaymah, Umm al Qaywayn | 9 municipalities (castelli, singular - castello); Acquaviva, Borgo Maggiore, Chiesanuova, Domagnano, Faetano, Fiorentino, Monte Giardino, San Marino, Serravalle |
| Age structure | 0-14 years:
28.86% (male 354,298; female 340,498) 15-64 years: 68.74% (male 1,047,839; female 607,020) 65 years and over: 2.4% (male 40,626; female 17,179) (2001 est.) |
0-14 years:
15.88% (male 2,241; female 2,100) 15-64 years: 67.94% (male 9,048; female 9,525) 65 years and over: 16.18% (male 1,902; female 2,520) (2001 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | dates, vegetables, watermelons; poultry, eggs, dairy products; fish | wheat, grapes, corn, olives; cattle, pigs, horses, beef, cheese, hides |
| Airports | 40 (2000 est.) | none |
| Airports - with paved runways | total:
22 over 3,047 m: 8 2,438 to 3,047 m: 3 1,524 to 2,437 m: 4 914 to 1,523 m: 3 under 914 m: 4 (2000 est.) |
- |
| Airports - with unpaved runways | total:
18 over 3,047 m: 1 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 4 914 to 1,523 m: 9 under 914 m: 3 (2000 est.) |
- |
| Area | total:
82,880 sq km land: 82,880 sq km water: 0 sq km |
total:
61.2 sq km land: 61.2 sq km water: 0 sq km |
| Area - comparative | slightly smaller than Maine | about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC |
| Background | The Trucial States of the Persian Gulf coast granted the UK control of their defense and foreign affairs in 19th century treaties. In 1971, six of these states - Abu Zaby, 'Ajman, Al Fujayrah, Ash Shariqah, Dubayy, and Umm al Qaywayn - merged to form the UAE. They were joined in 1972 by Ra's al Khaymah. The UAE's per capita GDP is not far below those of the leading West European nations. Its generosity with oil revenues and its moderate foreign policy stance have allowed it to play a vital role in the affairs of the region. | The third smallest state in Europe (after The Holy See and Monaco) also claims to be the world's oldest republic. According to tradition, it was founded by a Christian stonemason named Marinus in 301 A.D. San Marino's foreign policy is aligned with that of Italy. Social and political trends in the republic also track closely with those of its larger neighbor. |
| Birth rate | 18.11 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) | 10.76 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) |
| Budget | revenues:
$6.5 billion expenditures: $7.3 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (2000 est.) |
revenues:
$400 million expenditures: $400 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (2000 est.) |
| Capital | Abu Dhabi | San Marino |
| Climate | desert; cooler in eastern mountains | Mediterranean; mild to cool winters; warm, sunny summers |
| Coastline | 1,318 km | 0 km (landlocked) |
| Constitution | 2 December 1971 (made permanent in 1996) | 8 October 1600; electoral law of 1926 serves some of the functions of a constitution |
| Country name | conventional long form:
United Arab Emirates conventional short form: none local long form: Al Imarat al Arabiyah al Muttahidah local short form: none former: Trucial Oman, Trucial States abbreviation: UAE |
conventional long form:
Republic of San Marino conventional short form: San Marino local long form: Repubblica di San Marino local short form: San Marino |
| Currency | Emirati dirham (AED) | Italian lira (ITL); euro (EUR) |
| Death rate | 3.79 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) | 7.68 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) |
| Debt - external | $12.6 billion (2000 est.) | $NA |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | chief of mission:
Ambassador Theodore H. KATTOUF embassy: Al-Sudan Street, Abu Dhabi mailing address: P. O. Box 4009, Abu Dhabi; American Embassy Abu Dhabi, Department of State, Washington, DC 20521-6010 (pouch); note - work week is Saturday through Wednesday telephone: [971] (2) 4436691 FAX: [971] (2) 4435441 consulate(s) general: Dubai |
the US does not have an embassy in San Marino; the US Consul General in Florence (Italy) is accredited to San Marino |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | chief of mission:
Ambassador Asri Said Ahmad al-DHAHIRI chancery: Suite 700, 1255 22nd Street NW, Washington, DC 20037 telephone: [1] (202) 955-7999 |
San Marino does not have an embassy in the US
honorary consulate(s) general: Washington, DC, and New York honorary consulate(s): Detroit |
| Disputes - international | location and status of boundary with Saudi Arabia is not final, de facto boundary reflects 1974 agreement; boundary with Oman has not been bilaterally defined; northern section in the Musandam Peninsula is an administrative boundary; claims two islands in the Persian Gulf occupied by Iran: Lesser Tunb (called Tunb as Sughra in Arabic by UAE and Jazireh-ye Tonb-e Kuchek in Persian by Iran) and Greater Tunb (called Tunb al Kubra in Arabic by UAE and Jazireh-ye Tonb-e Bozorg in Persian by Iran); claims island in the Persian Gulf jointly administered with Iran (called Abu Musa in Arabic by UAE and Jazireh-ye Abu Musa in Persian by Iran) - over which Iran has taken steps to exert unilateral control since 1992, including access restrictions and a military build-up on the island; the UAE has garnered significant diplomatic support in the region in protesting these Iranian actions | none |
| Economic aid - recipient | $NA | $NA |
| Economy - overview | The UAE has an open economy with a high per capita income and a sizable annual trade surplus. Its wealth is based on oil and gas output (about 33% of GDP), and the fortunes of the economy fluctuate with the prices of those commodities. Since 1973, the UAE has undergone a profound transformation from an impoverished region of small desert principalities to a modern state with a high standard of living. At present levels of production, oil and gas reserves should last for more than 100 years. Despite higher oil revenues in 1999-2000, the government has not drawn back from the economic reforms implemented during the 1998 oil price depression. The government has increased spending on job creation and infrastructure expansion and is opening up its utilities to greater private-sector involvement. | The tourist sector contributes over 50% of GDP. In 1999 more than 3 million tourists visited San Marino. The key industries are banking, wearing apparel, electronics, and ceramics. Main agricultural products are wine and cheeses. The per capita level of output and standard of living are comparable to those of the most prosperous regions of Italy, which supplies much of its food. |
| Electricity - consumption | 34.131 billion kWh (1999) | NA kWh |
| Electricity - exports | 0 kWh (1999) | 0 kWh
note: electric power supplied by Italy (1999) |
| Electricity - imports | 0 kWh (1999) | NA kWh
note: electricity supplied by Italy |
| Electricity - production | 36.7 billion kWh (1999) | NA kWh |
| Electricity - production by source | fossil fuel:
100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (1999) |
fossil fuel:
NA% hydro: NA% nuclear: NA% other: NA% |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point:
Persian Gulf 0 m highest point: Jabal Yibir 1,527 m |
lowest point:
Torrente Ausa 55 m highest point: Monte Titano 755 m |
| Environment - current issues | lack of natural freshwater resources being overcome by desalination plants; desertification; beach pollution from oil spills | NA |
| Environment - international agreements | party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea |
party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Nuclear Test Ban signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution |
| Ethnic groups | Emirati 19%, other Arab and Iranian 23%, South Asian 50%, other expatriates (includes Westerners and East Asians) 8% (1982)
note: less than 20% are UAE citizens (1982) |
Sammarinese, Italian |
| Exchange rates | Emirati dirhams per US dollar - central bank mid-point rate: 3.6725 (since 1998); 3.6711 (1997), 3.6710 (1995-96) | euros per US dollar - 1.06594 (January 2001), 1.08540 (2000), 0.93863 (1999); Italian lire per US dollar - 1,736.2 (1998), 1,703.1 (1997), 1,542.9 (1996) |
| Executive branch | chief of state:
President ZAYID bin Sultan Al Nuhayyan (since 2 December 1971), ruler of Abu Zaby (Abu Dhabi) (since 6 August 1966) and Vice President MAKTUM bin Rashid al-Maktum (since 8 October 1990), ruler of Dubayy (Dubai) head of government: Prime Minister MAKTUM bin Rashid al-Maktum (since 8 October 1990), ruler of Dubayy (Dubai); Deputy Prime Minister SULTAN bin Zayid Al Nuhayyan (since 20 November 1990) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president note: there is also a Federal Supreme Council (FSC) which is composed of the seven emirate rulers; the council is the highest constitutional authority in the UAE; establishes general policies and sanctions federal legislation, Abu Zaby (Abu Dhabi) and Dubayy (Dubai) rulers have effective veto power; meets four times a year elections: president and vice president elected by the FSC (a group of seven electors) for five-year terms; election last held NA October 1996 (next to be held NA October 2001); prime minister and deputy prime minister appointed by the president election results: ZAYID bin Sultan Al Nuhayyan reelected president; percent of FSC vote - NA, but believed to be unanimous; MAKTUM bin Rashid al-Maktum elected vice president; percent of FSC vote - NA%, but believed to be unanimous |
chief of state:
cochiefs of state Captain Regent Luigi LONFERNINI and Captain Regent Fabio BERARDI (for the period 1 April 2001-30 September 2001) head of government: Secretary of State for Foreign and Political Affairs Gabriele GATTI (since NA July 1986) cabinet: Congress of State elected by the Great and General Council for a five-year term elections: cochiefs of state (captain regents) elected by the Great and General Council for a six-month term; election last held NA March 2001 (next to be held NA September 2001); secretary of state for foreign and political affairs elected by the Great and General Council for a five-year term; election last held NA June 1998 (next to be held NA June 2003) election results: Luigi LONFERNINI and Fabio BERARDI elected captain regents; percent of legislative vote - NA; Gabriele GATTI reelected secretary of state for foreign and political affairs; percent of legislative vote - NA note: the popularly elected parliament (Grand and General Council) selects two of its members to serve as the Captains Regent (cochiefs of state) for a six-month period; they preside over meetings of the Grand and General Council and its cabinet (Congress of State) which has ten other members, all selected by the Grand and General Council; assisting the captains regent are three secretaries of state - Foreign Affairs, Internal Affairs, and Finance - and several additional secretaries; the secretary of state for Foreign Affairs has assumed many of the prerogatives of a prime minister |
| Exports | $46 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.) | trade data are included with the statistics for Italy |
| Exports - commodities | crude oil 45%, natural gas, reexports, dried fish, dates | building stone, lime, wood, chestnuts, wheat, wine, baked goods, hides, ceramics |
| Exports - partners | Japan 30%, India 7%, Singapore 6%, South Korea 4%, Oman, Iran (1999) | - |
| Fiscal year | calendar year | calendar year |
| Flag description | three equal horizontal bands of green (top), white, and black with a thicker vertical red band on the hoist side | two equal horizontal bands of white (top) and light blue with the national coat of arms superimposed in the center; the coat of arms has a shield (featuring three towers on three peaks) flanked by a wreath, below a crown and above a scroll bearing the word LIBERTAS (Liberty) |
| GDP | purchasing power parity - $54 billion (2000 est.) | purchasing power parity - $860 million (2000 est.) |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture:
3% industry: 52% services: 45% (1996 est.) |
agriculture:
NA% industry: NA% services: NA% |
| GDP - per capita | purchasing power parity - $22,800 (2000 est.) | purchasing power parity - $32,000 (2000 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate | 4% (2000 est.) | 8% (2000 est.) |
| Geographic coordinates | 24 00 N, 54 00 E | 43 46 N, 12 25 E |
| Geography - note | strategic location along southern approaches to Strait of Hormuz, a vital transit point for world crude oil | landlocked; smallest independent state in Europe after the Holy See and Monaco; dominated by the Apennines |
| Heliports | 2 (2000 est.) | - |
| Highways | total:
4,835 km paved: 4,835 km unpaved: 0 km (1998 est.) |
total:
220 km paved: 220 km unpaved: 0 km (2001) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%:
NA% highest 10%: NA% |
lowest 10%:
NA% highest 10%: NA% |
| Illicit drugs | growing role as heroin transshipment and money-laundering center due to its proximity to southwest Asian producing countries and the bustling free trade zone in Dubai | - |
| Imports | $34 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.) | trade data are included with the statistics for Italy |
| Imports - commodities | machinery and transport equipment, chemicals, food | wide variety of consumer manufactures, food |
| Imports - partners | Japan 9%, US 8%, UK 8%, Italy 6%, Germany, South Korea (1999) | - |
| Independence | 2 December 1971 (from UK) | 3 September 301 |
| Industrial production growth rate | 4% (2000) | 6% (1997 est.) |
| Industries | petroleum, fishing, petrochemicals, construction materials, some boat building, handicrafts, pearling | tourism, banking, textiles, electronics, ceramics, cement, wine |
| Infant mortality rate | 16.68 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) | 6.21 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | 4.5% (2000 est.) | 2.2% (2000) |
| International organization participation | ABEDA, AFESD, AL, AMF, CAEU, CCC, ESCWA, FAO, G-77, GCC, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, ISO, ITU, NAM, OAPEC, OIC, OPCW, OPEC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO | CE, ECE, FAO, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IOC, IOM (observer), ITU, OPCW, OSCE, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WToO |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | 1 (2000) | 2 (2000) |
| Irrigated land | 50 sq km (1993 est.) | NA sq km |
| Judicial branch | Union Supreme Court (judges are appointed by the president) | Council of Twelve or Consiglio dei XII |
| Labor force | 1.4 million (1998 est.)
note: 75% of the population in the 15-64 age group is non-national (July 1998 est.) |
18,500 (1999) |
| Labor force - by occupation | services 60%, industry 32%, agriculture 8% (1996 est.) | services 60%, industry 38%, agriculture 2% (1998 est.) |
| Land boundaries | total:
867 km border countries: Oman 410 km, Saudi Arabia 457 km |
total:
39 km border countries: Italy 39 km |
| Land use | arable land:
0% permanent crops: 0% permanent pastures: 2% forests and woodland: 0% other: 98% (1993 est.) |
arable land:
17% permanent crops: 0% permanent pastures: 0% forests and woodland: 0% other: 83% (1993 est.) |
| Languages | Arabic (official), Persian, English, Hindi, Urdu | Italian |
| Legal system | federal court system introduced in 1971; all emirates except Dubayy (Dubai) and Ra's al Khaymah have joined the federal system; all emirates have secular and Islamic law for civil, criminal, and high courts | based on civil law system with Italian law influences; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction |
| Legislative branch | unicameral Federal National Council or Majlis al-Ittihad al-Watani (40 seats; members appointed by the rulers of the constituent states to serve two-year terms)
elections: none note: reviews legislation, but cannot change or veto |
unicameral Grand and General Council or Consiglio Grande e Generale (60 seats; members are elected by direct popular vote to serve five-year terms)
elections: last held 31 May 1998 (next likely to be held by NA June 2001) election results: percent of vote by party - PDCS 40.8%, PSS 23.3%, PPDS 18.6%, APDS 9.8%, RC 3.3%, SR 4.2%; seats by party - PDCS 25, PSS 14, PPDS 11, APDS 6, RC 2, SR 2 |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population:
74.29 years male: 71.84 years female: 76.86 years (2001 est.) |
total population:
81.23 years male: 77.68 years female: 85.1 years (2001 est.) |
| Literacy | definition:
age 15 and over can read and write total population: 79.2% male: 78.9% female: 79.8% (1995 est.) |
definition:
age 10 and over can read and write total population: 96% male: 97% female: 95% (1976 est.) |
| Location | Middle East, bordering the Gulf of Oman and the Persian Gulf, between Oman and Saudi Arabia | Southern Europe, an enclave in central Italy |
| Map references | Middle East | Europe |
| Maritime claims | contiguous zone:
24 NM continental shelf: 200 NM or to the edge of the continental margin exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM |
none (landlocked) |
| Merchant marine | total:
70 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,094,256 GRT/1,421,333 DWT ships by type: cargo 16, chemical tanker 3, container 17, liquefied gas 1, livestock carrier 1, passenger 1, petroleum tanker 24, roll on/roll off 6, specialized tanker 1 (2000 est.) |
- |
| Military branches | Army, Navy, Air Force, Air Defense, paramilitary (includes Federal Police Force) | Voluntary Military Force, Police Force |
| Military expenditures - dollar figure | $1.6 billion (FY00) | $700,000 (FY00) |
| Military expenditures - percent of GDP | 3.1% (FY00) | NA% |
| Military manpower - availability | males age 15-49:
778,842 note: includes non-nationals (2001 est.) |
- |
| Military manpower - fit for military service | males age 15-49:
420,484 (2001 est.) |
- |
| Military manpower - military age | 18 years of age | - |
| Military manpower - reaching military age annually | males:
25,482 (2001 est.) |
- |
| National holiday | Independence Day, 2 December (1971) | Founding of the Republic, 3 September (301) |
| Nationality | noun:
Emirati(s) adjective: Emirati |
noun:
Sammarinese (singular and plural) adjective: Sammarinese |
| Natural hazards | frequent sand and dust storms | NA |
| Natural resources | petroleum, natural gas | building stone |
| Net migration rate | 1.61 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) | 11.45 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) |
| Pipelines | crude oil 830 km; natural gas, including natural gas liquids, 870 km | - |
| Political parties and leaders | none | Communist Refoundation or RC [Ivan FOSHI]; Ideas in Movement or IM [Alessandro ROSSI]; San Marino Christian Democratic Party or PDCS [Pier Marino MENICUCCI]; San Marino Popular Alliance of Democrats or APDS [Mario VENTURINI]; San Marino Progressive Democratic Party or PPDS [Claudio FELICI]; San Marino Socialist Party or PSS [Augusto CASALI]; Socialists for Reform or SR [Renzo GIARDI] |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | NA | NA |
| Population | 2,407,460
note: includes 1,576,472 non-nationals (July 2001 est.) |
27,336 (July 2001 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | NA% | NA% |
| Population growth rate | 1.59% (2001 est.) | 1.45% (2001 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | 'Ajman, Al Fujayrah, Das Island, Khawr Fakkan, Mina' Jabal 'Ali, Mina' Khalid, Mina' Rashid, Mina' Saqr, Mina' Zayid, Umm al Qaywayn | none |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 13, FM 7, shortwave 2 (1998) | AM 0, FM 3, shortwave 0 (1998) |
| Radios | 820,000 (1997) | 16,000 (1997) |
| Railways | 0 km | 0 km; note - there is a 1.5 km cable railway connecting the city of San Marino to Borgo Maggiore |
| Religions | Muslim 96% (Shi'a 16%), Christian, Hindu, and other 4% | Roman Catholic |
| Sex ratio | at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.73 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 2.36 male(s)/female total population: 1.5 male(s)/female (2001 est.) |
at birth:
1.09 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.07 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.95 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.75 male(s)/female total population: 0.93 male(s)/female (2001 est.) |
| Suffrage | none | 18 years of age; universal |
| Telephone system | general assessment:
modern system consisting of microwave radio relay and coaxial cable; key centers are Abu Dhabi and Dubai domestic: microwave radio relay and coaxial cable international: satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean and 2 Indian Ocean) and 1 Arabsat; submarine cables to Qatar, Bahrain, India, and Pakistan; tropospheric scatter to Bahrain; microwave radio relay to Saudi Arabia |
general assessment:
adequate connections domestic: automatic telephone system completely integrated into Italian system international: connected to Italian international network |
| Telephones - main lines in use | 915,223 (1998) | 18,000 (1998) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | 1 million (1999) | 3,010 (1998) |
| Television broadcast stations | 15 (1997) | 1 (San Marino residents also receive broadcasts from Italy) (1997) |
| Terrain | flat, barren coastal plain merging into rolling sand dunes of vast desert wasteland; mountains in east | rugged mountains |
| Total fertility rate | 3.23 children born/woman (2001 est.) | 1.3 children born/woman (2001 est.) |
| Unemployment rate | NA% | 3% (1999) |
| Waterways | none | none |
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